Hypertension
Many people think high blood pressure or hypertension is a condition caused by stress the result of overwork, no exercise, smoking, drinking, eating an unhealthy diet and other common but unhealthy behaviors. The truth is, except in a few rare cases, doctors don't know what causes high blood pressure. They do know that about 65 million Americans have it, and nearly half are women. Unfortunately, only a small portion of people with the disease are adequately treated.
Why does it matter? Because high blood pressure can kill or injure. It leads to heart attack, stroke, heart failure, kidney damage, blindness and other medical problems.
It's no mystery...
Blood pressure is the force of the blood against artery walls when the heart beats and rests. Taking blood pressure is simple and quick. The cuff placed around your arm records two measurements, such as 117/74 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury). Systolic pressure, the top number, is the higher pressure. Itıs measured when your heart beats (contracts) and forces blood out to the body. Diastolic pressure is the bottom number. It's the minimum pressure. It occurs when the heart relaxes between beats.
Blood pressure often rises when you're nervous or excited, but it returns to normal almost immediately when the stimulation is over. Blood pressure that stays high is abnormal. Because blood pressure can vary over time, doctors usually take a series of readings before starting treatment.
What your blood pressure level means...
Learn your blood pressure numbers. A reading of less than 120/80 mm Hg is considered normal.
If you have a reading of 120/80, a doctor will begin non-drug treatment (lifestyle modifications), such as asking you to cut down on your salt intake, lose weight and engage in regular physical activity. If you have a reading of 140/90 or higher, a doctor will probably begin drug therapy, in addition to lifestyle modifications. Remember, high blood pressure can be controlled, and continued treatment can help prevent strokes and heart attacks.
High blood pressure has no symptoms. But you should know when you may be particularly at risk for this disease.